Calabash Bottle Gourd
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Calabash Bottle Gourd is cylindrical-shaped like a bottle that is 12-14 inches long and 2-1/2 pounds, with shiny, light-green smooth skin and white inner flesh. Calabash bottle gourds grow on 10-foot climbing vines that are a sight to behold when hanging from arches or fences, featuring twining lush foliage and white blossoms. In tropical Asia, bottle gourd is grown year-round, where it is an important crop for nutrition. Regarded as one of the healthiest vegetables in the world, bottle gourds, are low in calories, high in dietary fiber, and are rich in essential vitamins and minerals that improve mind and heart health, such as choline, a neurotransmitter that improves memory and mood functions in the brain. Harvest young and tender bottle gourds for their succulent, flavor-absorbing flesh and use in soups, stews, curries, salads, and stir-fries. When left to completely dry, bottle gourds can hollow and harden to be used for crafting bowls, utensils, instruments, canteens, and decorations.
Also Known As: Bottle Gourd, Lauki, Loki, Dhudhi, Dudhi, Kaddu, Opo Squash, Upo, Snake Melon, Cucuzza, Long Bottle Gourd, Calabash Gourd, Po Gua, Buap, Nam Tao Yao, Hu Lu Gua, White-Flowered Gourd, Long Melon, Birdhouse Gourd, New Guinea Bean, Tasmania Bean.
*Fungicide-treated seeds protect the seedlings from diseases until they are up and growing. Do not eat treated seeds.
**Seeds are freshly packed for the growing season of the year listed. Seeds are still viable beyond pack date. Store in a cool and dry location such as the refrigerator or basement to best preserve germination rates.
Planting Instructions:
Soil Preparation:
Remove weeds, large rocks, and litter from the planting area. Leave small weeds and dead grass, they will enrich the soil when turned under. Spade or till the soil 8-12 inches deep. Loosening the soil will help the plant establish strong roots.
Plants grow best in soil with lots of organic matter. You may optionally add fertilizer or organic material such as compost, leaves, or rotted hay to mix into the soil at this point. For small gardens, scatter 2-3 tablespoons of fertilizer evenly and work into the top 2-3 inches of soil for each hill or 2 foot by 2 foot planting area. For larger gardens, scatter 2-3 pounds of a complete fertilizer for each 100 square feet of planting area. Work fertilizer or organic material into the soil and leave the surface smooth.
Form rows of soil beds 4-6 inches high and at least 4 feet apart. This formation of ridges will help with drainage.
Planting:
Gourds grows best in warm weather. For an earlier harvest, you may optionally start planting indoors in containers 3-4 weeks before the last expected frost date in Spring, keeping seedlings at least 70F. Harden off then transplant seedlings outdoors in a sunny location when the soil temperature is above 65F. To transplant seedlings, prepare a transplant hole outdoors in a sunny location. Remove the plants carefully from the pots or flats and set them in the holes, burying some of the stem in the ground. Pack the soil loosely around the plant and leave a slightly sunken area around each plant to hold water. Water the plants after transplanting. Train plants to climb a 6-8 foot trellis or fence as they establish.
If directly sowing gourds outdoors, plant in mid-late spring when the soil warms to at least 70F. Fall planting is not typically recommended but is possible in climates with mild winters (USDA Zones 9-11), or if growing indoors >70F and using supplemental grow lights.
To plant, make holes 1 inch deep and spaced 4 feet apart down the rows of raised beds. Plant 2-3 seeds per hole. If choosing to thin to the strongest plant, determine the strongest and healthiest plant, then remove all other plants, narrowing to a single plant per hole. Cover seeds thinly with soil and water after planting. Train plants to climb a 6-8 foot trellis or fence as they establish.
Planting Depth: 1 inch
Within-Row Spacing: 4 feet
Between-Row Spacing: 3 feet (trellis) or 8 feet (sprawl)
Care During the Season:
Watering: Water the plants deeply, soaking the soil to a depth of 6-8 inches, once to twice a week. If there is no rainfall, water 3-4 times a week. Sandy soils may need to be watered more often than heavy clay soils. Mulching around plants can help retain moisture.
Weeding: Keeping plants weed-free improves production. If plowing or hoeing, do not dig deeper than 1 inch to prevent from cutting the feeder roots.
Fertilizing: Once seedlings are established, 2-3 weeks after germination, you may optionally apply 2 tablespoons of a complete fertilizer around each hole, or 1-2 pounds per 100 square feet, without letting the fertilizer touch the plants. Optionally, continue fertilizing every 3-4 weeks as plants grow, especially after flowering begins. Water plants after fertilizing.
Insecticides: Insecticides may be used to protect plants. Bt-based insecticides and sulfur are organic options that can be used for prevention. Sulfur also has fungicidal properties and helps in controlling many diseases. Before using a pesticide, read the label and follow cautions, warnings and directions.
Diseases: If spots or mold appear, treat plants with an approved fungicide. Neem oil, sulfur, and other fungicides may be used. When using fungicides always follow label directions.
Harvesting:
Harvest calabash bottle gourds when they are still young and tender, about 6-12 inches in length and 60-70 days after planting. The skin should be soft and easy to pierce with your fingernail, and the flesh inside is succulent. Using a sharp knife or garden shears, cut the vine at least 2 inches above the gourd. The skin of bottle gourd may have soft fuzz that will disappear in cooking.
To harvest bottle gourds for crafting, leave gourds on the vine to cure after they reach full maturty for at least 1 month. Gourds can dried indoors as well. Cut gourd from the vine, leaving a 1-3-inch stem, and place in a well-ventilated space, turning gourds occasionally as they dry. The indoor drying process may take about 4 months. Gourds are fully dried when they are light in weight and the seeds can be heard rattling inside when the gourd is shaken.
Also Known As: Bottle Gourd, Lauki, Loki, Dhudhi, Dudhi, Kaddu, Opo Squash, Upo, Snake Melon, Cucuzza, Long Bottle Gourd, Calabash Gourd, Po Gua, Buap, Nam Tao Yao, Hu Lu Gua, White-Flowered Gourd, Long Melon, Birdhouse Gourd, New Guinea Bean, Tasmania Bean.
| Plant Name: | Bottle Gourd, Calabash |
| Latin Name: | Lagenaria siceraria |
| Days to Germinate: | 7-14 |
| Days to Harvest: | 65 |
| Plant Height: | 10 - 15 Feet |
| Spread: | 4 - 6 Feet |
| Growth Habit: | Vining |
| USDA Zones: | 2-11 |
| Lifespan: | Annual |
| Brand: | TomorrowSeeds |
| Sunlight: | Full Sun, Partial Shade |
| Pollination: | Heirloom, Open-Pollinated |
| GMO: | No |
| Fungicide-Treated Seeds*: | No |
| Seeds Packed For**: | 2025 |
**Seeds are freshly packed for the growing season of the year listed. Seeds are still viable beyond pack date. Store in a cool and dry location such as the refrigerator or basement to best preserve germination rates.
Planting Instructions:
Soil Preparation:
Remove weeds, large rocks, and litter from the planting area. Leave small weeds and dead grass, they will enrich the soil when turned under. Spade or till the soil 8-12 inches deep. Loosening the soil will help the plant establish strong roots.
Plants grow best in soil with lots of organic matter. You may optionally add fertilizer or organic material such as compost, leaves, or rotted hay to mix into the soil at this point. For small gardens, scatter 2-3 tablespoons of fertilizer evenly and work into the top 2-3 inches of soil for each hill or 2 foot by 2 foot planting area. For larger gardens, scatter 2-3 pounds of a complete fertilizer for each 100 square feet of planting area. Work fertilizer or organic material into the soil and leave the surface smooth.
Form rows of soil beds 4-6 inches high and at least 4 feet apart. This formation of ridges will help with drainage.
Planting:
Gourds grows best in warm weather. For an earlier harvest, you may optionally start planting indoors in containers 3-4 weeks before the last expected frost date in Spring, keeping seedlings at least 70F. Harden off then transplant seedlings outdoors in a sunny location when the soil temperature is above 65F. To transplant seedlings, prepare a transplant hole outdoors in a sunny location. Remove the plants carefully from the pots or flats and set them in the holes, burying some of the stem in the ground. Pack the soil loosely around the plant and leave a slightly sunken area around each plant to hold water. Water the plants after transplanting. Train plants to climb a 6-8 foot trellis or fence as they establish.
If directly sowing gourds outdoors, plant in mid-late spring when the soil warms to at least 70F. Fall planting is not typically recommended but is possible in climates with mild winters (USDA Zones 9-11), or if growing indoors >70F and using supplemental grow lights.
To plant, make holes 1 inch deep and spaced 4 feet apart down the rows of raised beds. Plant 2-3 seeds per hole. If choosing to thin to the strongest plant, determine the strongest and healthiest plant, then remove all other plants, narrowing to a single plant per hole. Cover seeds thinly with soil and water after planting. Train plants to climb a 6-8 foot trellis or fence as they establish.
Planting Depth: 1 inch
Within-Row Spacing: 4 feet
Between-Row Spacing: 3 feet (trellis) or 8 feet (sprawl)
Care During the Season:
Watering: Water the plants deeply, soaking the soil to a depth of 6-8 inches, once to twice a week. If there is no rainfall, water 3-4 times a week. Sandy soils may need to be watered more often than heavy clay soils. Mulching around plants can help retain moisture.
Weeding: Keeping plants weed-free improves production. If plowing or hoeing, do not dig deeper than 1 inch to prevent from cutting the feeder roots.
Fertilizing: Once seedlings are established, 2-3 weeks after germination, you may optionally apply 2 tablespoons of a complete fertilizer around each hole, or 1-2 pounds per 100 square feet, without letting the fertilizer touch the plants. Optionally, continue fertilizing every 3-4 weeks as plants grow, especially after flowering begins. Water plants after fertilizing.
Insecticides: Insecticides may be used to protect plants. Bt-based insecticides and sulfur are organic options that can be used for prevention. Sulfur also has fungicidal properties and helps in controlling many diseases. Before using a pesticide, read the label and follow cautions, warnings and directions.
Diseases: If spots or mold appear, treat plants with an approved fungicide. Neem oil, sulfur, and other fungicides may be used. When using fungicides always follow label directions.
Harvesting:
Harvest calabash bottle gourds when they are still young and tender, about 6-12 inches in length and 60-70 days after planting. The skin should be soft and easy to pierce with your fingernail, and the flesh inside is succulent. Using a sharp knife or garden shears, cut the vine at least 2 inches above the gourd. The skin of bottle gourd may have soft fuzz that will disappear in cooking.
To harvest bottle gourds for crafting, leave gourds on the vine to cure after they reach full maturty for at least 1 month. Gourds can dried indoors as well. Cut gourd from the vine, leaving a 1-3-inch stem, and place in a well-ventilated space, turning gourds occasionally as they dry. The indoor drying process may take about 4 months. Gourds are fully dried when they are light in weight and the seeds can be heard rattling inside when the gourd is shaken.
